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{{Row header|documents ▸}} {{Inline expand |❘ group standards ▸|{{read|[[Communication, Brand, Reputation standard]]}} {{read|[[Sustainability standard]]}} {{read|[[Price Sensitive or Inside Information standard]]}} {{read|[[see all ▸]]|type=gray}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ group S2 policies ▸|{{read|[[Group Internal Audit policy]]}} {{read|[[Group Compliance policy]]}} {{read|[[Group P&C Underwriting Pricing and Clams policy]]}} {{read|[[see all ▸]]|type=gray}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ others ▸|{{read|[[Group AI policy]]}} {{read|[[Group Sanctions Policy]]}} {{read|[[Group Anti-Money Laundering Policy]]}} {{read|[[see all ▸]]|type=gray}} }}
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== Insurance fundamentals ==▼
<div class="main-page-menu">▼
{{Row header|fundamentals ▸}} {{Inline expand |❘ risk basics ▸|{{read|[[Frequency vs severity]]}} {{read|[[Hazard, exposure, peril]]}} {{read|[[Correlation & aggregation]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ how insurance works ▸|{{read|[[Pooling & risk transfer]]}} {{read|[[Indemnity vs benefits]]}} {{read|[[Premium now, claims later]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ incentives & frictions ▸|{{read|[[Adverse selection]]}} {{read|[[Moral hazard]]}} {{read|[[Information asymmetry]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ industry structure ▸|{{read|[[Insurers, mutuals, captives]]}} {{read|[[Brokers, MGAs, TPAs]]}} {{read|[[Reinsurers & retro]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ policy essentials ▸|{{read|[[Insurable interest, good faith]]}} {{read|[[Coverage, exclusions]]}} {{read|[[Limits & deductibles]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ core metrics ▸|{{read|[[Loss, expense, combined]]}} {{read|[[Persistency & lapse]]}} {{read|[[Acquisition economics]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ time value ▸|{{read|[[Discounting]]}} {{read|[[Trend & social inflation]]}} {{read|[[Duration risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ Cat & systemic ▸|{{read|[[Nat Cat accumulation]]}} {{read|[[Pandemic risk]]}} {{read|[[Cyber contagion]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ role & trust ▸|{{read|[[Protection & resilience]]}} {{read|[[Fairness & inclusion]]}} {{read|[[Conduct & transparency]]}} }}▼
{{Row header|products ▸}} {{Inline expand |❘ life ▸|{{read|[[Term, whole, UL]]}} {{read|[[Mortality & lapse]]}} {{read|[[Riders]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ health ▸|{{read|[[Medical vs income protection]]}} {{read|[[Group vs individual]]}} {{read|[[Utilization levers]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ annuities ▸|{{read|[[Immediate vs deferred]]}} {{read|[[Guarantees]]}} {{read|[[Longevity risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ group benefits ▸|{{read|[[Plan design]]}} {{read|[[Experience rating]]}} {{read|[[Renewals]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ personal lines ▸|{{read|[[Motor & home]]}} {{read|[[Rating factors]]}} {{read|[[Claims inflation]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ commercial lines ▸|{{read|[[Property & liability]]}} {{read|[[Limits & towers]]}} {{read|[[Risk engineering]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ specialty ▸|{{read|[[Marine, aviation, energy]]}} {{read|[[Financial lines]]}} {{read|[[Parametric]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ Underwriting gov ▸|{{read|[[Appetite & authority]]}} {{read|[[Quote to bind]]}} {{read|[[Portfolio steering]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ lifecycle ▸|{{read|[[Design & pricing]]}} {{read|[[Wording & filings]]}} {{read|[[Monitoring & remediation]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ policy admin ▸|{{read|[[Issuance & endorsements]]}} {{read|[[Billing]]}} {{read|[[Retention]]}} }}▼
{{Row header|distribution ▸}} {{Inline expand |❘ channels ▸|{{read|[[Agent/broker/bank]]}} {{read|[[Direct & digital]]}} {{read|[[Embedded & partners]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ sales & advice ▸|{{read|[[Needs & suitability]]}} {{read|[[Tools & disclosures]]}} {{read|[[Conversion levers]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ intermediary econ ▸|{{read|[[Commissions & clawbacks]]}} {{read|[[Conflicts control]]}} {{read|[[Delegated authority]]}} }}▼
{{Row header|operations ▸}} {{Inline expand |❘ onboarding ▸|{{read|[[KYC/AML basics]]}} {{read|[[Fraud screening]]}} {{read|[[Consent & privacy]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ underwriting ops ▸|{{read|[[STP vs manual]]}} {{read|[[Evidence mgmt]]}} {{read|[[QA & audits]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ claims ops ▸|{{read|[[FNOL & triage]]}} {{read|[[Settlement & leakage]]}} {{read|[[Litigation & recovery]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ fraud mgmt ▸|{{read|[[Detection & SIU]]}} {{read|[[Provider fraud]]}} {{read|[[Recoveries]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ service model ▸|{{read|[[Shared services]]}} {{read|[[Outsourcing risk]]}} {{read|[[SLAs & outcomes]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ tech & data ▸|{{read|[[PAS, claims, billing]]}} {{read|[[CRM & omni-channel]]}} {{read|[[Platforms & APIs]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ productivity ▸|{{read|[[Cost-to-serve]]}} {{read|[[Automation]]}} {{read|[[Ops KPIs]]}} }}▼
{{Row header|finance & actuarial ▸}} {{Inline expand |❘ pricing ▸|{{read|[[Expected loss & margin]]}} {{read|[[Credibility]]}} {{read|[[Price adequacy]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ reserving ▸|{{read|[[Case vs IBNR]]}} {{read|[[Triangles & diagnostics]]}} {{read|[[Reserve risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ life liabilities ▸|{{read|[[Assumptions & margins]]}} {{read|[[Options & behavior]]}} {{read|[[New business strain]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ reinsurance ▸|{{read|[[Proportional vs non-prop]]}} {{read|[[Retentions & limits]]}} {{read|[[Credit & collateral]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ ALM ▸|{{read|[[Portfolio basics]]}} {{read|[[Duration & liquidity]]}} {{read|[[Credit risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ performance ▸|{{read|[[Underwriting result]]}} {{read|[[Operating vs net income]]}} {{read|[[Key ratios]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ accounting ▸|{{read|[[IFRS 17]]}} {{read|[[IFRS 9]]}} {{read|[[Statutory bases]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ solvency ▸|{{read|[[Available vs required]]}} {{read|[[Economic capital]]}} {{read|[[Stress tests]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ steering ▸|{{read|[[Growth vs value]]}} {{read|[[Re-pricing actions]]}} {{read|[[Scenario planning]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ model gov ▸|{{read|[[Assumption control]]}} {{read|[[Validation]]}} {{read|[[Data governance]]}} }}▼
{{Row header|regulation & gov ▸}} {{Inline expand |❘ purpose ▸|{{read|[[Protection]]}} {{read|[[Stability]]}} {{read|[[Integrity]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ prudential ▸|{{read|[[Solvency II & RBC]]}} {{read|[[ORSA]]}} {{read|[[Supervisory reporting]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ conduct ▸|{{read|[[Product governance]]}} {{read|[[Claims standards]]}} {{read|[[Fair value]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ supervision ▸|{{read|[[Entity structures]]}} {{read|[[Intra-group flows]]}} {{read|[[Recovery & resolution]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ gov model ▸|{{read|[[Board oversight]]}} {{read|[[Three lines]]}} {{read|[[Internal audit]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ compliance ▸|{{read|[[AML/CTF]]}} {{read|[[Sanctions]]}} {{read|[[Third-party risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ tax ▸|{{read|[[Premium taxes]]}} {{read|[[Deferred tax]]}} {{read|[[Cross-border issues]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ ESG ▸|{{read|[[Underwriting & investment]]}} {{read|[[Disclosures]]}} {{read|[[Transition risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ resilience ▸|{{read|[[Cyber security]]}} {{read|[[Operational resilience]]}} {{read|[[Data privacy]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ emerging ▸|{{read|[[Cyber & systemic]]}} {{read|[[Insurtech & embedded]]}} {{read|[[Alternative capital]]}} }}▼
</div>▼
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{{Row header|customer & trust ▸}} {{Inline expand |❘ empathy & service ▸|{{read|[[The Effortless Experience]]}} {{read|[[Outside In]]}} {{read|[[Hug Your Haters]]}} {{read|[[Unreasonable Hospitality]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ trust & relationships ▸|{{read|[[The Speed of Trust]]}} {{read|[[The Trusted Advisor]]}} {{read|[[Give and Take]]}} {{read|[[Dare to Lead]]}} }}
▲</div>
▲{{section separator}}
▲== Insurance fundamentals ==
▲<div class="main-page-menu">
▲{{Row header|fundamentals ▸}} {{Inline expand |❘ risk basics ▸|{{read|[[Frequency vs severity]]}} {{read|[[Hazard, exposure, peril]]}} {{read|[[Correlation & aggregation]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ how insurance works ▸|{{read|[[Pooling & risk transfer]]}} {{read|[[Indemnity vs benefits]]}} {{read|[[Premium now, claims later]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ incentives & frictions ▸|{{read|[[Adverse selection]]}} {{read|[[Moral hazard]]}} {{read|[[Information asymmetry]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ industry structure ▸|{{read|[[Insurers, mutuals, captives]]}} {{read|[[Brokers, MGAs, TPAs]]}} {{read|[[Reinsurers & retro]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ policy essentials ▸|{{read|[[Insurable interest, good faith]]}} {{read|[[Coverage, exclusions]]}} {{read|[[Limits & deductibles]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ core metrics ▸|{{read|[[Loss, expense, combined]]}} {{read|[[Persistency & lapse]]}} {{read|[[Acquisition economics]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ time value ▸|{{read|[[Discounting]]}} {{read|[[Trend & social inflation]]}} {{read|[[Duration risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ Cat & systemic ▸|{{read|[[Nat Cat accumulation]]}} {{read|[[Pandemic risk]]}} {{read|[[Cyber contagion]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ role & trust ▸|{{read|[[Protection & resilience]]}} {{read|[[Fairness & inclusion]]}} {{read|[[Conduct & transparency]]}} }}
▲{{Row header|products ▸}} {{Inline expand |❘ life ▸|{{read|[[Term, whole, UL]]}} {{read|[[Mortality & lapse]]}} {{read|[[Riders]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ health ▸|{{read|[[Medical vs income protection]]}} {{read|[[Group vs individual]]}} {{read|[[Utilization levers]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ annuities ▸|{{read|[[Immediate vs deferred]]}} {{read|[[Guarantees]]}} {{read|[[Longevity risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ group benefits ▸|{{read|[[Plan design]]}} {{read|[[Experience rating]]}} {{read|[[Renewals]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ personal lines ▸|{{read|[[Motor & home]]}} {{read|[[Rating factors]]}} {{read|[[Claims inflation]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ commercial lines ▸|{{read|[[Property & liability]]}} {{read|[[Limits & towers]]}} {{read|[[Risk engineering]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ specialty ▸|{{read|[[Marine, aviation, energy]]}} {{read|[[Financial lines]]}} {{read|[[Parametric]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ Underwriting gov ▸|{{read|[[Appetite & authority]]}} {{read|[[Quote to bind]]}} {{read|[[Portfolio steering]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ lifecycle ▸|{{read|[[Design & pricing]]}} {{read|[[Wording & filings]]}} {{read|[[Monitoring & remediation]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ policy admin ▸|{{read|[[Issuance & endorsements]]}} {{read|[[Billing]]}} {{read|[[Retention]]}} }}
▲{{Row header|distribution ▸}} {{Inline expand |❘ channels ▸|{{read|[[Agent/broker/bank]]}} {{read|[[Direct & digital]]}} {{read|[[Embedded & partners]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ sales & advice ▸|{{read|[[Needs & suitability]]}} {{read|[[Tools & disclosures]]}} {{read|[[Conversion levers]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ intermediary econ ▸|{{read|[[Commissions & clawbacks]]}} {{read|[[Conflicts control]]}} {{read|[[Delegated authority]]}} }}
▲{{Row header|operations ▸}} {{Inline expand |❘ onboarding ▸|{{read|[[KYC/AML basics]]}} {{read|[[Fraud screening]]}} {{read|[[Consent & privacy]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ underwriting ops ▸|{{read|[[STP vs manual]]}} {{read|[[Evidence mgmt]]}} {{read|[[QA & audits]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ claims ops ▸|{{read|[[FNOL & triage]]}} {{read|[[Settlement & leakage]]}} {{read|[[Litigation & recovery]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ fraud mgmt ▸|{{read|[[Detection & SIU]]}} {{read|[[Provider fraud]]}} {{read|[[Recoveries]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ service model ▸|{{read|[[Shared services]]}} {{read|[[Outsourcing risk]]}} {{read|[[SLAs & outcomes]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ tech & data ▸|{{read|[[PAS, claims, billing]]}} {{read|[[CRM & omni-channel]]}} {{read|[[Platforms & APIs]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ productivity ▸|{{read|[[Cost-to-serve]]}} {{read|[[Automation]]}} {{read|[[Ops KPIs]]}} }}
▲{{Row header|finance & actuarial ▸}} {{Inline expand |❘ pricing ▸|{{read|[[Expected loss & margin]]}} {{read|[[Credibility]]}} {{read|[[Price adequacy]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ reserving ▸|{{read|[[Case vs IBNR]]}} {{read|[[Triangles & diagnostics]]}} {{read|[[Reserve risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ life liabilities ▸|{{read|[[Assumptions & margins]]}} {{read|[[Options & behavior]]}} {{read|[[New business strain]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ reinsurance ▸|{{read|[[Proportional vs non-prop]]}} {{read|[[Retentions & limits]]}} {{read|[[Credit & collateral]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ ALM ▸|{{read|[[Portfolio basics]]}} {{read|[[Duration & liquidity]]}} {{read|[[Credit risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ performance ▸|{{read|[[Underwriting result]]}} {{read|[[Operating vs net income]]}} {{read|[[Key ratios]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ accounting ▸|{{read|[[IFRS 17]]}} {{read|[[IFRS 9]]}} {{read|[[Statutory bases]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ solvency ▸|{{read|[[Available vs required]]}} {{read|[[Economic capital]]}} {{read|[[Stress tests]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ steering ▸|{{read|[[Growth vs value]]}} {{read|[[Re-pricing actions]]}} {{read|[[Scenario planning]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ model gov ▸|{{read|[[Assumption control]]}} {{read|[[Validation]]}} {{read|[[Data governance]]}} }}
▲{{Row header|regulation & gov ▸}} {{Inline expand |❘ purpose ▸|{{read|[[Protection]]}} {{read|[[Stability]]}} {{read|[[Integrity]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ prudential ▸|{{read|[[Solvency II & RBC]]}} {{read|[[ORSA]]}} {{read|[[Supervisory reporting]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ conduct ▸|{{read|[[Product governance]]}} {{read|[[Claims standards]]}} {{read|[[Fair value]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ supervision ▸|{{read|[[Entity structures]]}} {{read|[[Intra-group flows]]}} {{read|[[Recovery & resolution]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ gov model ▸|{{read|[[Board oversight]]}} {{read|[[Three lines]]}} {{read|[[Internal audit]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ compliance ▸|{{read|[[AML/CTF]]}} {{read|[[Sanctions]]}} {{read|[[Third-party risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ tax ▸|{{read|[[Premium taxes]]}} {{read|[[Deferred tax]]}} {{read|[[Cross-border issues]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ ESG ▸|{{read|[[Underwriting & investment]]}} {{read|[[Disclosures]]}} {{read|[[Transition risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ resilience ▸|{{read|[[Cyber security]]}} {{read|[[Operational resilience]]}} {{read|[[Data privacy]]}} }} {{Inline expand |❘ emerging ▸|{{read|[[Cyber & systemic]]}} {{read|[[Insurtech & embedded]]}} {{read|[[Alternative capital]]}} }}
</div>
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